(Page numbers refer to print version.)

• Adam and Eve, 106, 107, 132, 154-157, 221, 242, 243, 247

• Ahriman, 176

• Albright, W. F., 180

• Anabaptist thought, 272

• angels (and “gods”; see also gods, ancient pagan), 9-11, 16, 17, 18, 23, 32, 33, 47, 50, 56, 61, 63, 72, 83, 95, 104, 107, 113, 128, 129, 131, 132-142, 166, 174, 206, 222, 227, 234, 245, 252, 263, 288, 292-293

  • angels/gods of the nations, 9-10, 135-137, 176-180, 196, 205, 271

  • rebellious, fallen (see also Watchers), 37, 51, 55, 63, 111, 115-122, 136-140, 158-162, 171, 176-177, 184, 202, 254, 262-265, 284-287

• Anselm, 240, 249

• anthropomorphism, 130, 132

• antichrist, 218

• Antiochus IV, 173

• apocalyptic eschatology, 11, 173-188, 196, 200, 206-209, 220, 222-223, 226-227, 235, 238-239, 258, 270-271, 273-274, 277, 282, 284-287, 290

• apologists (early church), 73, 74

• Aquinas, Thomas, 35, 47, 289

• Aristotle, Aristotelianism, 47, 67, 141

• Arminianism, 48-51, 236

• army of the Lord, 132-134, 163

• Arnold, C., 188, 271, 274

• Athtar, 159

• Augustine and Augustinian theology, 11, 22, 26, 34, 35, 37, 41, 42, 43, 44-47, 53, 55, 56, 57, 58, 67, 68, 73, 87, 118, 130, 141, 166, 200, 203, 204, 232, 278

• Azazel, 82

• Baal, 79, 85, 86, 87, 156, 162

• Babylon, Babylonian culture and thought, 76-78, 81, 85, 149-150, 157-160, 160

• baptism, 245-246, 263

• Barth, Karl, 60, 71

• Beasley-Murray, G. R., 222, 226

• Behemoth, 52, 92, 94, 97-98, 148, 152, 163, 171

• Beelzebul. See Satan

• Belial/Beliar, 134, 274

• Berkhof, H., 59, 272-273

• Bertoluci, J. M., 160

• Boccaccini, G., 174

• Böcher, O., 74

• Boethius, 42, 44, 47, 54, 60

• Bohm, David, 68

• Boice, J., 232

• Bousset, W., 121

• Brown, R., 183, 199, 218-219

• Brunner, Emil, 70, 71

• Bultmann, Rudolf, 59

• Calvin, John (and Calvinism), 35, 47, 232, 236, 262

• Canaanite culture/religion, 85-89, 95, 156-157, 159-162

• Carson, D. A., 231-232

• chaos (cosmic force of), 98-102, 104, 106, 108, 133, 135, 148, 156, 164

• Chemosh, 118, 119, 137, 148, 163, 171

• chronocentrism, 18, 20, 62, 207

• church (see also kingdom of God), 248, 252-253

  • early (postapostolic) church, 22, 56, 65, 255, 266

  • mission of, 24, 64-66, 216-220, 254-255, 280-283

  • and Western tradition, 22, 64, 72, 240

• Coetzee, J. C., 228

• Conzelmann, H., 258

• cosmic chaos/sea monsters (see also Behemoth, Leviathan, Rahab), 60, 83, 87-92, 94-100, 162-164, 166, 205

• cosmic conflict (Chaoskampf tradition), 19, 25, 78, 83-92, 97-102, 133-134, 158-162, 240-246, 265, 287-290

• cosmos, cosmology, creation, 45, 53, 118

  • ancient Near Eastern religions, 74-79, 93

  • biblical views, 83-92, 102-113, 147-148, 229-230, 235

• council of Yahweh (divine council), 81, 115-117, 129-136, 141, 144-149, 152-153, 163, 165

• covenant, 134, 220

  • “cosmic covenant,” 78, 85

• creation (see also cosmos), 63, 83-92, 102-113, 275, 288

  • ex nihilo, 107, 120

  • of humanity, 107, 108

• Cross, F. M., 175

• Cullmann, O., 244

• Custance, A., 113

• Day, J., 97

• Dead Sea Scrolls. See Qumran

• death, 213, 277

• Delitzsch, F., 110

• deliverance ministry. See exorcism

• “demonic-in-Yahweh” theory, 51-52, 144-154, 165

• demonization. See possession

• demons/the demonic, 13-16, 19, 20, 22, 24, 26, 32, 35, 53, 58, 63-65, 72, 74, 138, 173, 174, 180, 225, 239

  • and ancient Greco-Roman cultures/religions, 14

  • and ancient Near Eastern cultures/religions, 12, 14, 81, 156

  • experience of, 69-72

  • and the New Testament, 18, 182, 184, 185, 190, 192-207, 234, 244-246, 250, 256-257, 270-279

  • and the Old Testament, 73, 79-83, 92, 115, 136, 154, 163

  • and traditional/primordial religions, 12, 14

• demythologization, 59, 273-275

• Derrett, J. D. M., 209

• determinism, 178-179, 233

• Deus otiosus, 126

• devil. See Satan

• disease, 55, 74, 118, 182, 183, 189, 191, 203, 206, 231-235, 293

• divine council. See council, divine

  • dragon(s), 64, 94, 95, 96, 112, 270

  • dualism (general), 119, 149, 175-176, 229

  • limited (New Testament view), 185, 222, 228, 230, 284

  • metaphysical, 56, 176, 284

• dualistic heresies, 56

• Dunn, J. D. G., 265

• Eden, Garden of, 107, 110, 161, 235, 242

• Edwards, Jonathan, 67

• Egypt or Egyptian culture and thought, ancient, 74, 81, 88, 96, 124

• Einstein, Albert, 67

• Enlightenment, 33, 62, 63, 71, 72, 141, 191, 203, 207

• Enuma Elish, 76-79, 85, 104-113

• Epic of Gilgamesh, 78

• ethics, 220-221, 222-223

• evangelicals/evangelical theology, 78

• Eve. See Adam and Eve

• evil (see also problem of evil)

  • concrete experience of, 21, 32-43, 49

  • as divine punishment/judgment, 56

  • moral, 13

  • “natural,” 10, 12, 14, 15, 16

  • origin of, 99

  • as privatio bonum, 37

  • social/structural, 13, 59-60, 271-276

• exorcism (general)

  • and ancient/primordial religions, 13, 15, 75, 80

  • and the contemporary church (deliverance ministry), 64, 65, 197

  • and the early church, 280-281

  • in Jesus’ ministry. See Jesus, exorcisms

• Fall, the, 109, 128

• angelic, 99, 101, 138, 176-177, 209, 283-287

• human, 103, 154-157

• fatalism, 233

• Forsyth, N., 145, 159

• freedom, free will, free agents, 35, 51-55, 57, 60-62, 65, 72, 118, 140-142, 164-165, 176, 178-179, 199, 205, 261, 285-287, 291-292

• Friedman, P., 33

• gap theory. See restoration theory

• Garrett, S., 186

• Gnostics/Gnosticism, 155, 229

• God (see also Holy Spirit)

  • classical-philosophical view of, 20, 21, 23, 32, 35-39, 41-44, 47-51, 61, 130, 140-142, 191, 200, 228, 231-232, 235-236, 283

  • as Creator, 18, 21, 45, 52, 54, 56, 57, 92, 99, 112, 115, 116, 121, 127, 129, 130, 135, 148, 196, 284, 288

  • eternality of, 56, 68

  • foreknowledge/knowledge of, 49-51

  • glory, 111, 231-234, 288

  • goodness/love of, 35, 44, 47, 48, 52, 56, 73, 101, 142, 182, 191, 200, 232, 241, 251

  • impassibility of, 49, 53, 67, 68, 130

  • immutability (changelessness) of, 49, 67, 68, 69, 130, 204

  • justice of, 240, 288

  • omnipotence of (power), 10, 18, 20, 38, 41, 47, 48, 50, 51, 52, 56, 58, 68, 92, 101, 121, 130, 166, 202, 214, 241

  • omniscience of, 68

  • perfection of, 68, 130, 284

  • providence of. See providence, divine

  • pure actuality of, 67, 68, 130

  • self-sufficiency of, 68

  • sovereignty of, 10, 11, 21, 22, 32, 35-36, 40-43, 45, 47, 51, 61, 67, 83, 84, 85, 87, 93, 95, 96, 97, 102, 104, 111, 117, 130, 154, 165, 172, 185, 228, 235, 283

  • timelessness (atemporality) of, 35, 48, 49, 67, 68, 69, 130, 204

  • transcendence of, 48

  • triune nature of, 290

  • as unmoved mover, 67

  • unrelatedness to creation, 69

  • wisdom of, 255-259

• gods, ancient pagan (see also angels), 76-79

• Greco-Roman culture and thought. See Hellenism

• Hades (see also hell), 112, 216-217, 264-265

• Hanson, P. D., 175

• Hay, D., 244

• Hayman, P., 119-122

• heaven, 140-141, 209, 217, 223, 247

• Heim, K., 235, 246, 249

• hell (and lake of fire; see also Hades), 212, 214, 216-218, 264-265, 286-290

• Hellenism/Hellenistic (general), 264

  • God, conception(s) of, 56, 66-69

  • philosophy, 49, 67, 68, 72, 74, 141

• Hendel, R. S., 156

• henotheism, 119, 121

• Hiers, R. H., 209, 217

• history-of-religions school, 175

• Hitler, Adolf, 41, 50, 70, 71

• Holocaust, the, 34, 70-71

• Holy Spirit, 65, 203, 230, 239, 243, 254, 258, 264, 277

• holy war, 134-135

• Hvidberg, F., 156

• image of God, 110

• intertestamental period, 172-180

• Jeremias, J., 218-219

• Jesus

  • death and resurrection (atonement), 57, 60, 210, 212-214, 238-268, 290

  • and eschatology (inaugurated), 180-190, 213-214

  • and exorcisms, 55, 180, 186, 188-190, 192-207, 212-213, 217, 223, 227, 239, 249, 290

  • and healing, 60, 184, 185, 186, 188-190, 212-213, 217, 223, 231-235, 238, 249, 290

  • incarnation, 201, 246-249, 264

  • as Messiah, 224

  • and miracles, 205-213, 223, 290

  • as Son of God, 25, 122

  • and spiritual warfare, 18, 19, 23, 55, 200, 225

  • teachings of, 42, 139-140, 188, 201, 215-234

  • view of Satan and evil, 56, 57, 60, 180-184, 216-225, 227-231

• Job, 41

• John the Baptist, 224-225

• John, Gospel of, 227-234

• Joines, K. J., 156

• judgment, divine, 174

• Jung, Carl G., 70, 145-146

• Kallas, J., 180, 183, 185, 186, 206-207, 267-268

• of God, 65, 171, 184-190, 194, 196, 199, 202, 208, 210-214, 217, 221, 222-226, 228-229, 235, 239, 290

• kingdom of Satan or darkness. See Satan, kingdom/army of

• König, A., 36, 37, 58, 116

• Kovacs, J., 229

• Ladd, G. E., 217

• Landy, F., 156-157

• Langdon, S., 124

• Langton, E., 147, 199

• Laszlo, E., 67

• Leibniz, G. W. von, 67

• Levenson, J., 86, 87, 94, 95, 98, 99, 105, 110, 163

• Leviathan, 18, 52, 79, 85, 88-90, 92, 94-99, 105, 112, 141, 148, 152, 155, 163-164, 171, 173, 179, 205, 211, 216, 270, 288

• Lewis, C. S., 19, 60, 109, 204

• liberal theology, 68, 71

• liberation theology, 64, 272

• Lilith, 82

• Lind, M. C., 135

• Lindström, F., 81, 98, 146, 149

• LORD of hosts, 131

• Lord’s Prayer, 218-220

• Lucifer, 160

• Luther, Martin, 47

• MacGregor, G. H. C., 241

• Manichaeanism, 229, 284

• Marduk, 76-78, 85, 87, 104, 148, 160, 162

• Martens, E., 97

• Martin, R., 242

• Mauser, U., 116-117

• Meier, J. P., 218

• Merrill, E. H., 179

• Mesopotamian culture and thought, ancient, 75-79, 95

• Messiah, 208-209, 242-244

  • Jesus’ messiahship. See Jesus, as Messiah

• method, 24-25

• Michael (angel), 9-10, 95, 137, 257

• Middle Ages, 119

• miracles (supernatural events), 68, 71

  • in Jesus’ ministry. See Jesus, and miracles

• missions, 197

• modernism/modernity, 61-62, 64

• monolatry, 119, 121

• monotheism, 84, 115-117, 119-129, 166, 171, 175

  • creational, 99, 101, 120-121, 127, 163, 176

  • philosophical (exclusivistic), 103, 119-122

• monotheopraxis, 120, 128

• Morgenstern, J., 147

• Murray, R., 78, 85

• mythology (general), 113, 139

  • ancient Near Eastern, 74-79, 95, 158-164

  • anticipates truth, 19-20

  • and biblical studies, 59-60

  • and Satan/demons, 59-61, 71, 282

  • warfare mythologies, 15-17, 19-20, 74-79, 94, 95, 166

• Nazi Germany, 33-39, 42, 71-72, 100, 196

• Neo-Platomism, 47, 68

• Nephilim, 138-139, 177, 180

• New Age thought, 33, 65

• Newport, J., 182, 185

• oaths, 220-221

• Odeberg, H., 265

• Origen, 56

• Ohrmazd, 176

• orthodoxy (historic Christian), 41

• Otto, Rudolf, 70

• paradigm shift. See worldview,and paradigm shift

• Paul (apostle) and Pauline thought, 154, 221, 229, 230, 237, 245-249, 255-259, 271-276

• Pendley, H., 235

• Peretti, F., 64

• persecution, 222-226, 277

• Persian culture and thought (see also Zoroastrianism), 137

• phaeton, 159

• Pharisees, 234

• Philistines, 133, 253

• Plato/Platonism, 47, 67, 141

• polytheism, 122-123, 126

• polytheopraxis, 128

• possession (demonization)

  • and ancient/primordial religions, 15, 55, 75

  • and the Bible, 192-205

  • and the contemporary church, 197

• postmodern, postmodernism, postmodernity, 33, 62, 58-72, 238

• power encounters (see also exorcism; spiritual warfare), 64

• prayer, 57, 65, 210, 218-220, 235, 273, 293

  • and angelic interference, 10-11

  • and spiritual warfare, 198, 202-205, 254-255, 281-282

• prince(s), spiritual, 9-10

• principalities and powers. See spirits, principalities and powers

• problem of evil, 10-11, 20-21, 22, 31-72, 118, 132, 142, 164-165, 191, 236, 291-293

  • ancient perspectives on, 77

  • New Testament approach to (lack of intellectual form), 28, 33, 51-54, 57, 66, 231-235, 283

  • Old Testament approach to, 149

  • unsolvable (in classical-philosophical form), 20, 32, 35, 43-47, 57, 283

• process philosophy/theology, 67-68

• Protestantism. See Reformation

• providence, divine, 40, 54, 231-234

  • “blueprint” model (meticulous control model), 32, 33, 35-39, 43, 48, 49, 55, 56-58, 67, 92, 118, 141, 183, 191, 200-201, 203-204, 214, 292

  • as involving contingency and risk, 56-57, 69

  • “openness” model, 68-69

• punishment, divine, 151

• Qumran (and Dead Sea Scrolls), 133-134, 178-179, 282

• rabbinic Judaism, 242

• Rad, G. von, 175

• Rahab, 18, 88, 90, 92, 94, 96, 105, 110, 133, 171, 205, 211

• Reformation/Reformed theology, 37, 240, 255

• repentance, 186

• resignation, theology of, 21-22, 201, 217

• restitution theory. See restoration theory

• restoration theory, 100-113, 163

• resurrection, 174

• of Jesus. See Jesus, death and resurrection

• revolt, theology of, 21-22, 201, 214, 217

• Rooney, D., 125

• Roth, R., 249

• Rousseau, J.-J., 203

• Rowley, H. H., 175

• Russell, D. S., 135-136

• Russell, J. B., 34, 37, 76, 145

• salvation (see also Jesus, death and resurrection), 240-242, 250-255, 259-262, 265-268

• Satan (New Testament view, including various names and titles), 22, 26, 31, 32, 33, 34, 52, 54-57, 58-72, 95, 100, 111-113, 173, 176, 179, 187, 190, 192, 201, 202, 209-213, 218-225, 227-231, 234, 236, 245, 269-270, 274-279, 282, 283-291

  • defeated by Jesus Christ, 240, 245-246, 249-268, 287-290

  • kingdom/army of, 55, 65, 112, 180-190, 195, 213-214, 216-217, 219, 226, 228, 233, 235, 239, 250, 253, 259, 276, 278, 282

  • and mythology. See mythology, and Satan/demons

  • names and titles, 54-55, 270, 276-278

  • in the Old Testament, 83, 107, 143-167, 171

  • his origin, 283-287

• Sauer, E., 107, 110

• Schlier, H., 59, 272-274

• Schmidt, K. L., 160

• Schroeder, L. von, 124

• Scripture (Bible)

• inspiration (biblical), 24, 25, 248

• infallibility, 106

• sea. See waters, hostile

• Sekki, A. E., 178-179

• Septuagint, 233, 242, 257

• serpent, 94, 95, 96, 100, 113

• cosmic, 89

• Edenic, 106, 154-157, 242

• Shema, 117

• Sheol, 158

• sickness. See disease

• sin (see also evil), 128, 204, 231-235, 245, 260, 266-267, 272, 275, 277, 284

• Smart, N., 125

• Snaith, N. A., 126-127

• sons of God, 131, 136, 138-140, 144-149, 177

• spirits (and spiritual forces), 58, 59

  • elemental, 261-262, 271, 272

  • evil. See demons

  • human, 262

  • “principalities and powers” (“authorities,” “rulers,” etc.), 59, 60, 100, 217, 241, 244-245, 247-249, 252-263, 265, 269-276

  • as the “world in between,” 65, 140-142, 165, 199-201, 271, 274

• spiritual armor, 279, 281-283

• spiritual warfare (see also worldview, warfare), 33, 56-57, 58, 63-66, 72, 92, 162, 176, 278-283

  • in Jesus’ ministry. See Jesus, and spiritual warfare

• Sproul, R. C., 39

• suffering (see also evil, problem of evil), 32-34, 56, 109, 277

• Sumer, Sumerian culture and thought, 124

• Synoptic Gospels, 216-227, 243, 259

• temptation/tribulation, 154-157, 219, 226-227, 278

• Tertullian, 289

• theodicy, 42, 63, 66

• aesthetic (Augustinian), 44-45

  • Arminian, 48-51

• Third World, 64, 65, 72

• Tiamat, 76-78, 85, 86, 104, 105, 148, 160, 162

• Trinity (triune God), 132

• Turner, N., 233

• Tyre, 160-162

• Ugaritic culture and thought, 95

• universalism, 248

• Venus, 158-159

• viceregency, 112

• Wakeman, M., 78

• Watchers, the Watcher tradition (see also angels, rebellious), 138, 262-265, 285-287

• waters, hostile, 74, 83-92, 96-100, 105-111, 160, 163-164, 171, 173, 205-208

• Wellhausen, J., 174

• Westermann, C., 149

• Whitehead, A. N., 67

• Wingren, G., 185, 214, 291

• Wink, W., 52, 59-60, 77, 133, 136, 137, 178

  • “interiority” theory of spirits, 65-66, 273-276

• worldview, 11

  • ancient Near Eastern worldviews, 75-79

  • biblical (see also worldview, warfare), 11, 33, 46, 67, 129, 171, 242, 290-293

  • modern Western (see also modernism), 10-11, 13, 14, 17-22, 33, 58-72, 132, 140-142, 198-199, 273

  • naturalism/materialism, 11, 32, 59, 61-63, 72, 141, 191, 198

  • and paradigm shift, 63, 64, 65

  • postmodern. See postmodern

  • primordial, 11-17

  • as social construction, 62

  • warfare, 11-22, 23, 31, 32, 55-72, 73, 75-79, 82, 92, 97, 113, 114, 118, 119, 123, 141, 166, 171, 174, 205, 220, 234, 239

• Wright, N. T., 119, 120

• Yamauchi, E., 175, 176

• Yamm, 79, 85, 87-89, 91, 94, 96, 99, 111, 148, 159-160, 162-164, 171, 205, 207, 211, 216

• Zoroastrianism, 146, 173-176, 284

• Zosia, 33-46, 48, 49, 70, 73, 100, 141, 142, 202, 232, 236, 288, 291-293